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Figure 7-67 from Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition, depicts a simplified version of the regulatory system that determines the mode of the bacteriophage growth in the E. coli host cell. The left side of the image views the bacteriophage in stable state 1 or the prophage state which synthesizes a repressor protein. This protein activates its synthesis and turns off the synthesis of several other phage proteins like the Cro protein. In state 2 or the lytic stage, the page synthesizes the Cro protein which switches off the synthesis of the repressor protein, allowing many phage proteins to be created and free replication of viral DNA  in the E. coli cell. This eventually causes the phage to lysis due to the amount of new phage particles, effectively killing it. The example reveals how two regulatory genes combine in a circuit to produce two heritable states. Both proteins, lambda repressor and Cro, recognize the operator through a helix-turn-helix motif.

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