Course ePortfolio

Learning objectives of series 1

• Nervous system functional correlate (Slide 3) • Main divisions of nervous system (Slides 4 – 5) • Coverings / spaces of the CNS (Slides 6 – 9) • Histological components of NS (Slides 10) • Subdivisions of CNS (Slide 11) • Spinal cord subdivisions / dissection / overview of tracts (Slides 12 – 15) • Subdivisions of PNS (Slide 16) • Spinal nerves (Slides 17 – 18); Spinal segment (Slide 19); Dermatomes (Slides 19 – 26) • Cranial nerves: Overview (Slide 27) • Ganglia: Spinal / Cranial / Autonomic (28 – 33) • Brain: Embryological subdivisions / component overview (Slides 34 – 48) • Vertebral – spinal segment relationships (3 – 4) • Vertebral injuries in relation to spinal cord (5 – 12) • Spinal root / Dermato-myotome / Segmental innervations / lesions (Slides 13 – 21) • Spinal nerve in relation to IV foramen (Slides 22 – 24) • Herniated nucleus pulposus (Slides 25 – 37) • Lesions of nerve roots / Radiculopathy (w/ vignette) (Slide 38 – 43) • Lumbar puncture / Epidural analgesia (44 – 49) • Skull fractures (Slides 50 – 53) • Brain injuries / Intracranial hemorrhages / Shaken baby syndrome (Slides 54 – 62) • Intracranial space-occupying lesion (Slides 63 – 70) • Imaging techniques / principles / interpretations– CT, MRI, PET (Slides 71 – 80)

Learning objectives of series 2

• Neuron and its parts (Slide 3) • Neuron varieties – classification (Slides 4 – 12) • Ganglia histology: Sensory / Autonomic (13 – 15) • Neuronal biology – organelles (Slide 16 – 32) • Neurites: Dendrite / Axons – components, structure (Slides 33 – 40) • Axonal transport mechanisms (Slides 41 – 44) • Synapse – Types; structure, function (Slides 45 – 52) • Neuroglial cell types: Astrocytes, Oligodendroglia, Schwann cell, Microglia, Ependymocyte, Tancyte, Choroidal epithelial cell (Slides 53 – 70) • CNS extracellular space (Slide 71) • Axonal spread of disease (Slide 3) • Herpes zoster (Slides 4 – 6) • Pathological intracellular inclusions (Slides 7 – 12) • Peripheral neuropathy: Mono-/ MM / Poly-neuropathy; Diabetes, HIV w/ vignette (13 – 25) • Glial reactions to injury (Slides 26 – 27) • Cerebral edema types (Slides 28 – 29) • Brain tumors including Neurofibromatosis (NF) Type 2 (Slides 30 – 43) • Peripheral nerve tumors including NF-1 (44 – 47) Neurophysiology • Neuronal plasma membrane – structure (Slide 3) • Ion channels (Slides 4 – 6) • Plasma membrane electrophysiology / RMP (7 – 13) • Neuron action potential / Subthreshold; Ion- channels. Membrane conductance; Refractory periods; Hyperpolarization (Slides 14 – 23) • Nerve impulse; Determinants; Saltatory (24 – 30) Neurotransmitter – Pharmacology – Clinical • Neuromediators (Slides 31 – 34) • Calcium channels (Slides 35 – 36) • Synaptic receptors / Receptor potentials (37 – 44) • Acetylcholine (45 – 47); ACh receptor pharmacology (48 – 50) • Channel toxins / Local anesthetics (51 – 53) Neuromuscular junction – Physiology – Pharmacology – Clinical • NM junction structure and Physiology (54 – 64) • NMJ pharmacology • Anticholinesterases / SLUD syndrome • Biological ACh toxins • Myasthenia gravis w/ vignette • Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndro w/ vignette • Channelopathies w/ vignette

Learning objectives of series 3

• Myelinated of PNS / CNS / Unmyelinated nerve • Peripheral nerve structure • Nerve fiber classification • Extero-ceptor Functional / Anatomical classification; Types; Receptor physiology • Proprio-ceptors: NM / NT spindles, joint receptors • Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflex arc, Tone, Posture; Higher control • Demyelinating diseases • PNS neuronal / process injury changes • PNS neuronal / axon recovery process • CNS neuronal injury / (non)-recovery • Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) – Seddon’s / Sunderland classification • Neurotmesis manifestations / recovery • Surgical Mx principles of PNI • Phantom limb • Involuntary movements / Sensory abnormalities • Clinical examination: Sensory / Motor

Pedagogical Approach

None

Learning Outcomes

Learning outcomes: At the end of these 3 lecture-series the student should

• Have a thorough knowledge of the basics of the nervous system, its classification and subdivisions

• Be absolutely clear about the essentials of neuro-cytology, neuro-physiological principles and the neurotransmitters involved in nerve conduction

• Have a working knowledge of the mechanisms of muscle activity, tone, posture and reflexes

• Have a broad overview of the clinical manifestations of nerve lesions (traumatic and pathological)

• To be able to perform sensory, motor and reflex testing • Know the basics of neuro-imaging techniques and principles

Assessment

None

Other Information

None