This chapter examines the components of the cytoskeletal system, including actin, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. The structure and function of the cytoskeleton, assembly, cellular locations, dynamics, related proteins, bacterial and archaeal counterparts, and pathogen subversion of each component are detailed.
Type of Material:
Open (Access) Textbook
Recommended Uses:
This is a chapter that would be appropriate in a cell biology textbook. As such it would function as any textbook in a cytology class.
Technical Requirements:
Any Web browser and an internet connection.
Identify Major Learning Goals:
For Actin Filaments:
Describe how globular actin polymerizes into filamentous actin.
Describe the role of actin in cellular movement.
Explain the role of actin in phagocytosis.
Explain how microbes subvert actin during infection.
For Microtubules:
Describe the composition of microtubules.
Explain the difference between rescue, catastrophe, and dynamic instability.
List the cellular processes which rely on dynamic microtubule mechanics.
Describe the tubulin code and the impact on microtubule structure.
Explain the mechanisms pathogens use to exploit host cell microtubules.
For Intermediate Filaments:
Describe how intermediate filaments are assembled.
Connect the structure of intermediate filaments to their cellular functions.
List and describe the subtypes of intermediate filaments.
Predict how intermediate dysfunction leads to disease.
Target Student Population:
College General Ed, College Lower Division, College Upper Division, Graduate School, Pre med or medical school, nursing school.
Prerequisite Knowledge or Skills:
Strong background in basic biology would be useful.
Content Quality
Rating:
Strengths:
The chapter provides a richly detailed, comprehensive, and accurate summary of our knowledge of the cytoskeleton.
The chapter has an extensive list of citations supporting the information.
Accurate and attractive figures are provided to clarify concepts.
The writing is generally clear and engaging.
The structure of the chapter is perfect for a textbook.
Concerns:
The Introduction begins with an analogy of the cytoskeleton to organismal skeletons, which is a nice way to enter the subject, but perhaps does not need to be so extensive; the bridge between the organismal skeletons and the cytoskeleton is somewhat abrupt; also I believe that urchins are typically described as having tests that form an exoskeleton, not a hydrostatic skeleton.
Recommendation to analogize only the endoskeleton to the cytoskeleton in the introduction and instead to include more overview information (e.g., more of what is found in the image of the three types of structures in the cytoskeleton).
The text has many typos and awkward phrases; a thorough copy edit should be performed.
Archaea are mentioned only twice (and only in the context of microtubules); a quick search suggests there is a literature on the archaeal cytoskeleton, so perhaps include more on this group.
Recommendation to avoid the term "prokarote" as this group is likely paraphyletic; in this chapter nearly all references to "prokaryotes" are only to bacteria; the term prokaryotic would be appropriate to refer to a cell type (just not to a putative clade).
A majority of the sources cited are older; this may be appropriate but some might be updated (e.g. Herzog, W., & Weber, K. (1978). Fractionation of brain microtubule-associated proteins. Isolation of two different proteins which stimulate tubulin polymerization in vitro. European journal of biochemistry, 92(1), 1–8. has been cited by 79 other papers); some of these older sources, especially research results, might be replaced if there are more recent reviews or other more comprehensive secondary sources.
Potential Effectiveness as a Teaching Tool
Rating:
Strengths:
This resource has the makings of an excellent textbook chapter.
Each subsection for each cytoskeletal element has learning outcomes.
The figures provide nice visual summaries for many of the complex concepts.
All figures have exceptional and detailed captions.
As an OER resource, this chapter will be effective for students with financial challenges.
As an OER resource, this chapter will be effective for faculty to adopt, adapt, and amend to their specific needs.
Each subsection has a Summary and Key Points section at the end.
The practice problems are definitely helpful.
Concerns:
Not sure of the meaning of the bold text
Is there a plan for updating information/references?
Ease of Use for Both Students and Faculty
Rating:
Strengths:
The chapter is well organized, with clear headers and subsections.
The order of topics in each section is consistent.
The images all include text reader descriptions.
Each section has key points and a summary.
Concerns:
None.
Creative Commons:
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